What is the function of intervertebral discs?

Intervertebral discs play a crucial role in the overall health and functionality of the spinal column, primarily by acting as shock absorbers. These discs are located between the individual vertebrae, and their unique structure, consisting of a tough outer layer called the annulus fibrosus and a gel-like center known as the nucleus pulposus, allows them to withstand compressive forces that occur during movement and daily activities.

When loads, whether from body weight, physical activity, or external forces, are applied to the spine, the intervertebral discs compress and deform to absorb and distribute these forces. This function is vital as it helps to reduce the impact on the vertebrae and surrounding structures, thus preventing injury and promoting spinal health. Proper functioning of the intervertebral discs ensures that the spine can maintain its integrity and support a wide range of motions without causing damage to the vertebrae or spinal cord.