What does 'muscle balance' refer to in exercise theory?

Muscle balance refers primarily to the equal development of strength and flexibility in both sides of the body, which is essential for maintaining overall physical health and preventing injuries. When one side of the body is significantly stronger or more flexible than the other, it can lead to imbalances that result in poor posture, decreased movement efficiency, and increased risk of injury. Achieving muscle balance ensures that antagonistic muscle groups—such as biceps and triceps, or quadriceps and hamstrings—are developed proportionally, supporting joint stability and functional movement. This holistic approach to strength and flexibility training enhances athletic performance, improves overall physical activity, and contributes to long-term health and fitness.